Mikhail Gorbachev and the collapse of Communism

Mikhail though a flow of ideas and information would be good so he allowed glasnost. it is a policy of letting soviet citizen to discuss ways to improve society. this brought good changes, it open churches, allow the publication of books by previously banned authors. it allow citizens to express any concerns. later Mikhail introduce a new idea of perestroika. it is form to rebuild the economy. people now had greater authorities over their business and farms, and people were able to open small private business. however he just wanted to make communism better, not to end communism.

Collapse of Communism

communism ended since the cold war was over because now diplomats could enter soviet union with no military aid.people gathered hammers to bring down the Berlin wall that split Germany in half. the Berlin was tear down since people in Germany could not form social ties. Germany was able to improve financial situations after this. Russia had to separate because of so many revolts people did to end communism. however because of this Russia's economy was greatly affected. after this people in the split nations had better jobs. after communism ended in Russia other country like Poland Germany Czechoslovakia Bulgaria Hungary and Romania all abandoned communism. also with the end of communism there was less concerned about nuclear annihilation people didn't worried about it like before.

Nelson Mandela and Apartheid

apartheid is a way of separating ethnic group by color. and under this system nonwhites such as black colored indian did not have a right to vote and also prohibits interacial marriage. nelson mandela was the leading figure of ANC who was imprisoned for 26 years and after he walk out of jail he was elected for president of ANC. because south africa's future walked with him as well. he was consider a hero since he repealed apartheid laws and ended once and for all, apartheid. he free the opressed and the opressor which was whites who were prisoner a hatred and prejudice.

african independence

between the tow world wars an educated middle class have been developed in some African cities. leading young African men to go abroad for better opportunities after they graduated. they were influence by African Americans such as blaise diagne, the men who organized the pan African congress. however west Indians and French speaking Africans began to develop pride in traditional Africa. and organized the negritude movement. this is movement that to celebrate African culture and values, this made African culture look very unique. the leader of this movement was called Leopold senghord. the African soldiers who fought along side Europeans to gain independence started to disagree with colonial domination, they wanted a free Africa. the first colony to gain independence after this was the gold coast south colony to Sahara in 1957. Kwame Nkrumah was the one to free this colony. to achieve this he made non - violence protest to help gain the independence. he did boycotts strikes in fact helpful tactics to climb all the way to freedom, and was very successful. after he free the nation the nation was name Ghana. in 1958 Kwame Nkrumah organized a pan african, which later led to the organization of African unitity in 1963. afterward ghana became a very powerful nation and in 2000 the first elections were held. this is how a nation can gain the independence the right way, through good non violence behavior.