the scramble of africa

The scramble of Africa is all europens trying to take over a part of it they were competing for the land. this was called europeans imperialism. they were splitting africa like whole cake into pieces. the reason why europeans were so willing to control africa is because of africa's natural resource, like gold, petroleum, diamonds ect. the three main nations involve in this were

Film Lesson: "Mountains of the Moon"

a gruop of explorers went on a expedition to find the source of great river called the nile. these europe explorer face some hardships during the expedition due to the dry dessert.

the meiji restoration of japan

Matthew Perry went to japan with big bulky modernized ships and the japanese were no match for these high tech ships. they were so behind that give up and decided sign a trade treaty with foreign countries. the japanese were adapting to foreign ways, they send states men to study foreing ways. the japanese started to industrialize, modernize and mass producing wich really boost up theyre economy. aqctually japan was an archipelago, a large chain or group of island or any large body of water containing many islands.

Karl Marx and Communism

Karl Marx strongly supported communism. His idea of communism was that wealth should be shared equally by workers in a communist society, and that workers should control factories instead of landlord, that is the reason why he wanted communism to rule the world. The best way to describe communism is as socialism that negates private ownership and creates a classless society. Marx wrote a phrase "from each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs" that crystallize the meaning of communism. However Karl Marx see as bad people the imperialists (owners of factories), and as the good ones the proletarian(workers of factories).

Karl Marx and the Industrial Revolution

The Industrial revolution was a very important period of that introduced us to the modern world we live in. it had many possitive and negative effects, however it was a major turning point of the world.

Karl Marx was very upset with the industrial revolution. He did not like the treatment of workers and the unsafe conditions they work at. This is what majorly inspire him to invent communism. He argued that workers should control factories rather than landlords. as result he wanted to make a worldwide revolution with the worker of the world. His ideas were know as communism. And he though workers should share wealth in a comunist society. however his ideas inspire the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917. Then Mongolia became the second communist Nation in 1921. After world war 2 many goverments were overthrown by communist. however Karl Marx had deeply influence communism in europe.

nationalism and the creation of Italy

nationalism is the desire to form a country and desire of love and loyalty to that country and the people who inhabits that country, who shares a common culture and history, and to protect that country, instead of having loyalty to a king. I am nationalism in the way that i love and am loyal to my country and I follow democracy which is not having my country ruled by a king, but the country rule by a nation. Italy was from territories of crumbling empire. and two important leaders contribute to the formation of Italy, although they had different goals and personality. Giuseppe Mazzini was one of them, he organized a nationalist group called young Italy, however no one older than 40 could join the group. the second leader was Camilo Di Cavour, a wealthy middle aged aristocrat, he work very hard to expand piedmont-Sardinia's power. piedmont Sardinia was the most powerful and largest of Italian states, Italian nationalist look to the kingdom of piedmont Sardinia for leadership. however these two leaders were the ones who contributed to the unification of Italy. Italy were empires before it became Italy. These empires became Italy thanks to Giuseppe Mazzini and Camilo Di Cavour and their strong feeling of nationalism.

Simon Bolivar and Latin Americans Revolutions

Simon Bolivar was a very important person for Latin Americans specially in south America. His is called a liberator. He gave freedom to many south American countries specially in the northern part of south America, such as Venezuela, Ecuador Colombia, Bolivia, and Peru from Spain. there is a country named after him and that is Bolivia. Bolivia was named after him because he help to create it. He defeated the Spaniards with his small groups of followers and organized troops to attack the Spaniard, and had good tactics such as surprised attacks and made really good decisions in the middle of the battle. He join Francisco de Miranda to help him with the revolution against Spain. He also went from places to places to look for help and gain forces to fight Spaniards. He travel to Europe and visited many countries and he went to the united states that just got its independence from Great Britain. So he though it was time for his country Venezuela to gain independence. He got influence by U.S independence and French revolution. With a lot of effort this honorable man and the others who help him defeat the Spaniards, gave freedom to many countries in south America.

Robespierre and the reign of terror

te french revolution did not give imediate results, that is because it was too violent and there was too much killing in it all opposite to the american revoltion, which was much more sucessful than the french. Robespierre was the man who conducted the reign of terror as a matter or fact he killed himself what he was trying to achieve. the reign of terror was were alot of people in france were executed, 1,376 people were executed in france in no more than 47 days. the machine they use to kill people was called the guillotine. His purpose was to really have democratic goverment, although he did not did it the right way. Bcause of that france have already used 11 subsequent constitution.

french revolution social causes

During the 1700s french was consider the most advance country in europe, the enlightment started in france. Some of the reasons for the french revolution were economic woes, enlightment ideas, and weak leader.

French's once properous ecomony was declining, heavy taxes were making it impossible for people to conduct business in france. In 1780s bad weather contribute to crop failure. The king also got into a deep debt.

Enlightment ideas were more emphasising in goverment so people got motivated in the participation of politics and goverments. but since everyone did not have equal right not all people could take participation in politics and goverments.

Their king louis 14 was not very efficient. He was indecisive and let everything slick through, he did not listen to goverment advices, and he spend his time hunting and doing stupid things instead of paying attention to goverment details. In order for a nation to progress that nations leader has to be strong and careful.

Their were three kind of states during these times, meaning people were divided into 3 parts. less than 1% were the first state which were clergys and church who did not supported the enlightment thinkers. Than the second state made up of 2% were rich nobles who controlled goverment and also disagreed with the enlightment ideas. And finally the third state which was made up of 98% of france population were poor people like peasant famers, bourgeoisie, and urban lower class who had no influence in the goverment.

The third state highly supported the enlightment ideas to change the way of goverment, and wanted to take action in matters of politics so they can change their way of living. They felt used only to collect heavy taxes from them. And they felt they were not equal to the other two classes, and they wanted to be treated fairly and stop living in poor conditions for the rest of their lives.

The major reason for the third state to revolve was because their vote meant nothing they were painted in the wall and the clergy and nobles outvoted the third state. their will to change goverment and have everyone vote equally raise more and more. July 14 1789 a lot of third state revolve against the king and tried to get gunpowder from the prison (bastilled) oviously out numbering the kings soldier the agry crowd full of citizens took controll over the bastille all in hope of having a democratic goverment. July 14 was considered french national holiday.

copernicus and the trial of galileo

In the 16th and 17th century there was a really controversial debate between church and scientist which supported that the sun was in the middle of the universe, but church though earth was. this two theories were called heliocentric, a word derived from Creek language helios means sun and kentron means center, and the geocentric was the church's theory. the geocentric theory was introduce first, then it came the heliocentric theory with the scientific revolution, which proved wrong church's theory.

Copernicus had a planetary system which was heliocentric. Galileo was force to kneel in front of the inquisition to recognize his belief in Copernicus planetary system and the motion of earth. for this he was sentence for life imprisoned, and for disobeying an injunction by cardinal bellarmino "not to defend or teach Copernicus doctrine". Later on in 1992 the roman catholic church admit they were wrong in the dealing with Galileo.

scientific revolution, scientific method

Scientific revolution begun in the 1543. Historians use scientific revolution to describe deep changes in intellectual thoughs that occur in 16th to 17th century. ancient greeeks and christianity though earth was the center of the universe, and everything else rotated around earth. now thanks to the scientific revolution we know that is wrong. this is called the scientific method, the way scientist learn and study the world around them. when scientist has an idea or a theory they dont first accept it, they make various experiments to prove or disprove this idea and come with a conclusion. this require observation, analysis, hypothesis building, hypothesis testing, and a scientific theory. isaac newton was a great scientist who follow the scientific method, and proved wrong aristotle theory, that one set of physical laws govern the earth and another the rest of the universe.

evolution vs. creation

Evolution is a scientific theory that tells us we came from a common ancestor evolving from generation to generation, in a process of natural selection or survival of the fittest. one famous scientist that strongly supported this theory was Charles Darwin. he made research on Galapagos island with finches, he went island to island collecting finches and he notice that they had different beak size, each best for the type of seed the islands had. So he assure that was natural selection. Very often there are some struggles between evolution theory and creation. although, scientist don't no the purpose of us on earth, or why we came to exist. And everything has a purpose in life. if we came from the naught than we can't do nothing. So church assures that the only explanation of the origin of life is the book genesis.

Creation is very opposite to evolution. Is a religious belief stating that were created by one god, who created the universe. Base on Christianity, a well known religion, states in the bible that we are all sons of Adan and Eve. How ever scientist have find traits of Jesus but not Adan and Eve traits. Nevertheless Scientist are always trying to prove church wrong. a controversial debate between church and scientist was earth. church believe that earth was in the middle of the universe and that every thing rotated around it,but that was wrong because the sun is actually in the middle of the universe not earth. a common question among those believe in evolution is, how did Adan and eve kids had more kids.